REVISING A GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY ENGINEERING CURRICULUM. Castro, M., Iglesias, L., Rodríguez-Solano, R., Sánchez J. A. International Journal of Engineering Education, 24 (6), 1180-1190. 2008.
Abstract
In the 1990s, a new degree, Geodesic and Cartographic Engineering, was created in Spain. It is a post-graduate degree, lasting two years. At present, Spanish university degrees are being redefined for their adaptation to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Thus, after more than ten years of experience and in view of the implementation of the EHEA, it is essential to analyse how well the degree curriculum is adapted to the professional requirements of our graduates in their working lives. A survey of former
students was taken to gather a profile of graduates, job positions and their opinions about the courses they studied. The relationship between the curriculum and the Master's theses written by the students was also examined.
Keywords: Engineering surveying; geodesy; cartography; photogrammetry; mapping; remote sensing; cadastre; curriculum
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
lunes, 21 de febrero de 2011
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS ON CONCRETE BRIDGES
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS ON CONCRETE BRIDGES. Castro, M. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 31 (4), 695-702. 2004.
Abstract
Traditional methods for the structural design of pavement cannot be applied to the design of pavement on bridge decks. In this paper, a new method for the structural design of asphalt pavement on concrete bridge decks is presented. The method can be applied to pavement on girder, slab, and box-girder bridges and can be used whatever the considered degree of bonding between pavement and deck. The method consists of modelling the deck as a two-layer system and then calculating stresses and strains in the pavement–deck system by means of a multilayer system. The proposed methodology has been applied to study the behaviour of asphalt concretes, porous asphalts, and stone matrix asphalts on girder, slab, and box-girder bridges. There is a conclusion of this application that stands out for its practical character. The stone matrix asphalts have the best performance if fatigue is the main concern.
Key words: bridge decks, asphalt pavement, design.
Les méthodes traditionnelles de dimensionnement de revêtements ne peuvent être appliquées à la conception des revêtements bitumineux des tabliers de pont. Cet article présente une nouvelle méthode de dimensionnement de revêtements bitumineux des tabliers de pont en béton. Cette méthode peut s'appliquer aux revêtements des ponts à poutres, des ponts-dalles et des ponts à poutres en caisson. De plus, elle peut être utilisée peu importe le niveau d'adhérence considéré entre le revêtement et le tablier. La méthode consiste en une modélisation du tablier en tant que système bicouche, puis au calcul des tensions et des contraintes sur le système tablier-revêtement en utilisant un système multicouche. La méthodologie proposée a été appliquée à l'étude du comportement des bétons bitumineux, des enrobés drainants et des microbétons bitumineux sur les ponts à poutres, les ponts-dalles et les ponts à poutres en caisson. Une conclusion de cette étude se distingue par sa nature pratique : les revêtements microbétons bitumineux offrent le meilleur rendement si la fatigue constitue la préoccupation principale.
Mots clés : tabliers de pont, revêtements bitumineux, dimensionnement.
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
Abstract
Traditional methods for the structural design of pavement cannot be applied to the design of pavement on bridge decks. In this paper, a new method for the structural design of asphalt pavement on concrete bridge decks is presented. The method can be applied to pavement on girder, slab, and box-girder bridges and can be used whatever the considered degree of bonding between pavement and deck. The method consists of modelling the deck as a two-layer system and then calculating stresses and strains in the pavement–deck system by means of a multilayer system. The proposed methodology has been applied to study the behaviour of asphalt concretes, porous asphalts, and stone matrix asphalts on girder, slab, and box-girder bridges. There is a conclusion of this application that stands out for its practical character. The stone matrix asphalts have the best performance if fatigue is the main concern.
Key words: bridge decks, asphalt pavement, design.
Les méthodes traditionnelles de dimensionnement de revêtements ne peuvent être appliquées à la conception des revêtements bitumineux des tabliers de pont. Cet article présente une nouvelle méthode de dimensionnement de revêtements bitumineux des tabliers de pont en béton. Cette méthode peut s'appliquer aux revêtements des ponts à poutres, des ponts-dalles et des ponts à poutres en caisson. De plus, elle peut être utilisée peu importe le niveau d'adhérence considéré entre le revêtement et le tablier. La méthode consiste en une modélisation du tablier en tant que système bicouche, puis au calcul des tensions et des contraintes sur le système tablier-revêtement en utilisant un système multicouche. La méthodologie proposée a été appliquée à l'étude du comportement des bétons bitumineux, des enrobés drainants et des microbétons bitumineux sur les ponts à poutres, les ponts-dalles et les ponts à poutres en caisson. Une conclusion de cette étude se distingue par sa nature pratique : les revêtements microbétons bitumineux offrent le meilleur rendement si la fatigue constitue la préoccupation principale.
Mots clés : tabliers de pont, revêtements bitumineux, dimensionnement.
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
FATIGUE AND HEALING OF ASPHALT MIXTURES: DISCRIMINATE ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE CURVES
FATIGUE AND HEALING OF ASPHALT MIXTURES: DISCRIMINATE ANALYSIS OF FATIGUE CURVES. Castro, M., Sánchez, J. A. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 132 (2), 168-174. 2006.
Abstract
Fatigue laws obtained by means of laboratory tests do not usually take into account the fact that asphalt mixtures in highways have rest periods (without loads). These rest periods tend to increase the fatigue life of mixtures due to the phenomenon known as healing. A new fatigue test which includes rest periods has been developed. In order to study healing, tests with and without rest have been carried out on asphalt concrete, and the corresponding fatigue curves have been obtained. The test results show an increase of five to ten times fatigue strength. This paper summarizes the main experiences. The testing method used in the research is described. The results are analyzed by means of a statistical technique called discriminate analysis.
Keywords
Asphalt pavements, Mixtures, Fatigue, Laboratory tests
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
Abstract
Fatigue laws obtained by means of laboratory tests do not usually take into account the fact that asphalt mixtures in highways have rest periods (without loads). These rest periods tend to increase the fatigue life of mixtures due to the phenomenon known as healing. A new fatigue test which includes rest periods has been developed. In order to study healing, tests with and without rest have been carried out on asphalt concrete, and the corresponding fatigue curves have been obtained. The test results show an increase of five to ten times fatigue strength. This paper summarizes the main experiences. The testing method used in the research is described. The results are analyzed by means of a statistical technique called discriminate analysis.
Keywords
Asphalt pavements, Mixtures, Fatigue, Laboratory tests
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
viernes, 11 de febrero de 2011
DAMAGE BASED MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF ASPHALT CONCRETE FATIGUE CURVES
DAMAGE BASED MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF ASPHALT CONCRETE FATIGUE CURVES. Castro, M., Sánchez, J. A. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 19 (8), 700-702. 2007.
Abstract
In order to represent the behavior of asphalt concrete mixtures during fatigue tests, a phenomenological model based on the continuous damage theory has been developed. From this model, a method for estimation of fatigue curves was formulated. From a practical point of view, this method could allow us to estimate classic fatigue curves testing a smaller number of specimens. The formulated method was applied to three mixtures, and results were compared with ones from the standard procedure for determining fatigue curves.
Keywords
Abstract
In order to represent the behavior of asphalt concrete mixtures during fatigue tests, a phenomenological model based on the continuous damage theory has been developed. From this model, a method for estimation of fatigue curves was formulated. From a practical point of view, this method could allow us to estimate classic fatigue curves testing a smaller number of specimens. The formulated method was applied to three mixtures, and results were compared with ones from the standard procedure for determining fatigue curves.
Keywords
Fatigue, Damage, Asphalt concrete, Asphalt mixes, Predictions
domingo, 30 de enero de 2011
ESTIMATION OF ASPHALT CONCRETE FATIGUE CURVES – A DAMAGE THEORY APPROACH
ESTIMATION OF ASPHALT CONCRETE FATIGUE CURVES – A DAMAGE THEORY APPROACH. Castro, M., Sánchez, J. A. Construction and Building Materials, 22 (6), 1232-1238, 2008
Abstract
In order to represent the behaviour during fatigue tests of asphalt concrete mixtures, a phenomenological model, based on the continuous damage theory, has been developed. From this model, a method for estimation of fatigue curves was formulated. From a practical point of view, the use of this method enables classic fatigue curves to be estimated with a smaller number of specimens tested. This method of estimating fatigue curves was applied to three mixtures, and its results were compared with those of the standard procedure.
HIGHWAY DESIGN SOFTWARE AS SUPPORT OF A PROJECT-BASED LEARNING COURSE
HIGHWAY DESIGN SOFTWARE AS SUPPORT OF A PROJECT-BASED LEARNING COURSE. Castro, M. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 20 (3), 468-473, 2012.
Keywords: engineering education; project-based learning; highway design software; simulation; sight distances
Abstract
Traditionally, practical training of students in highway design has been based on solving geometric problems without using professional highway design software. In a degree of the Technical University of Madrid (UPM), teaching of this subject has been redesigned using a project-based learning approach. Along the course, the students make a complete project of a highway using professional software and procedures. The highway design software chosen includes a simulator that makes a virtual journey along the highway from the point of view of a driver traveling on it. A detailed description of the course program and the software used is provided.
Keywords: engineering education; project-based learning; highway design software; simulation; sight distances
martes, 18 de enero de 2011
GEOMETRIC MODELLING OF HIGHWAYS USING GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) DATA AND SPLINE APPROXIMATION
GEOMETRIC MODELLING OF HIGHWAYS USING GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) DATA AND SPLINE APPROXIMATION
Castro, M., Iglesias, L., Rodríguez-Solano, R., Sánchez J. A. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 14 (4), 233-243. 2006.
Abstract
Detailed studies of traffic safety, as highway design consistency evaluation, require having the geometric definition of the alignment. An efficient and reliable procedure has been developed for obtaining this geometric definition for two-lane rural highways. The method is based on getting data of the highway by means of a GPS receiver mounted in a car and the subsequent processing of this information. The data taken in the highway are differentially corrected and points in the roadway centerline are estimated by means of a developed calculation algorithm. Finally, the highway alignment is defined by means of a parametric cubic smoothing spline. In this paper, the developed method and its application to the M-607 highway, located in Madrid (Spain), is exposed.
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
Castro, M., Iglesias, L., Rodríguez-Solano, R., Sánchez J. A. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 14 (4), 233-243. 2006.
Abstract
Detailed studies of traffic safety, as highway design consistency evaluation, require having the geometric definition of the alignment. An efficient and reliable procedure has been developed for obtaining this geometric definition for two-lane rural highways. The method is based on getting data of the highway by means of a GPS receiver mounted in a car and the subsequent processing of this information. The data taken in the highway are differentially corrected and points in the roadway centerline are estimated by means of a developed calculation algorithm. Finally, the highway alignment is defined by means of a parametric cubic smoothing spline. In this paper, the developed method and its application to the M-607 highway, located in Madrid (Spain), is exposed.
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
miércoles, 12 de enero de 2011
HIGHWAY SAFETY ANALYSIS USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
HIGHWAY SAFETY ANALYSIS USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS. Castro, M., Iglesias, L., Rodríguez-Solano, R., Sánchez J. A. P. I. Civil Eng-Transport, 161 (2), 91-97. 2008.
Abstract
Given the high number of crashes occurring on highways, it is necessary to intensify the search for new tools that assist in understanding their causes. With this aim in mind, the authors have developed a computer system, named Highway Design Analysis (HDA), which analyses the relationship between the geometric characteristics of a highway and those characteristics that the driver expects to find. The system is based on the analysis of vehicles' operating speed and allows the selection of the operating speed prediction model to be used. Several speed prediction models, including the model developed in Spain in the current study, have been used in the case study. The information generated by the application developed has been integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) with the purpose of manipulating, analysing and showing the results in a more efficient way. The system developed is discussed along with its application to three highways.
Abstract
Given the high number of crashes occurring on highways, it is necessary to intensify the search for new tools that assist in understanding their causes. With this aim in mind, the authors have developed a computer system, named Highway Design Analysis (HDA), which analyses the relationship between the geometric characteristics of a highway and those characteristics that the driver expects to find. The system is based on the analysis of vehicles' operating speed and allows the selection of the operating speed prediction model to be used. Several speed prediction models, including the model developed in Spain in the current study, have been used in the case study. The information generated by the application developed has been integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) with the purpose of manipulating, analysing and showing the results in a more efficient way. The system developed is discussed along with its application to three highways.
AUTOMATED GIS-BASED SYSTEM FOR SPEED ESTIMATION AND HIGHWAY SAFETY EVALUATION
AUTOMATED GIS-BASED SYSTEM FOR SPEED ESTIMATION AND HIGHWAY SAFETY EVALUATION. Castro, M., Sánchez, J. A., Vaquero, C. M., Iglesias, L., Rodríguez-Solano, R. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 22 (5), 325-33. 2008.
Abstract
Although geographic information systems (GISs) have been applied in different areas of transportation, full use of their potential in speed profile analysis and highway design consistency studies has yet to be made. The possibilities that GISs offer for analysis and the increasing number of highway inventories supported by such systems, including traffic data and crash rates, suggest that the implementation of a highway design consistency analysis module within a GIS will facilitate and improve road safety studies. It is with this aim that a GIS-based computer system that builds vehicle speed profiles and analyzes highway design consistency has been developed, in which an operating speed prediction model, acceleration/deceleration rates, and other features can be configured by the engineering user in order to obtain an analysis that is more representative of drivers and local conditions. Application of this system to the study of the design consistency of highways is described, using three examples.
Keywords: Geographic information systems, Highway and road design, Safety, Traffic speed, Evaluation
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
Abstract
Although geographic information systems (GISs) have been applied in different areas of transportation, full use of their potential in speed profile analysis and highway design consistency studies has yet to be made. The possibilities that GISs offer for analysis and the increasing number of highway inventories supported by such systems, including traffic data and crash rates, suggest that the implementation of a highway design consistency analysis module within a GIS will facilitate and improve road safety studies. It is with this aim that a GIS-based computer system that builds vehicle speed profiles and analyzes highway design consistency has been developed, in which an operating speed prediction model, acceleration/deceleration rates, and other features can be configured by the engineering user in order to obtain an analysis that is more representative of drivers and local conditions. Application of this system to the study of the design consistency of highways is described, using three examples.
Keywords: Geographic information systems, Highway and road design, Safety, Traffic speed, Evaluation
http://vulcano.caminos.upm.es/
viernes, 17 de diciembre de 2010
Highway design
Geometric design of roads, consistency, sight distance, GIS, GPS, structural design of pavements, bridge pavements, application of Finite Element Method to analysis and design of pavements
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